![]() The ratios vary among different ethnic groups which is far larger than different between the sexes. Variations have been reported in different ethnic and geographic groups. Digit ratio is a sexually dimorphic trait found in a variety of species ranging from humans and mice to zebra finches and is constant since birth. However, most commonly, digit ratios indicate only 2D (index finger):4D (ring finger) ratios. Also, the authors have discussed the relevant molecular basics and the methods of measurement of digit ratios.ĭigit ratio is the ratio of length of different digits or fingers typically measured from the mid-point of bottom crease where the fingers join the hands to the tip of the fingers. The authors have attempted to write a brief account on the digit ratios and the dimorphism observed in various physiological, psychological and behavioural traits. Prenatal androgen exposure and therefore, digit ratios have been reported to be associated with numerical competencies, spatial skills, handedness, cognitive abilities, academic performance, sperm counts, personalities and prevalence of obesity, migraine, eating disorders, depression, myopia, autism etc. Usually, males have lower ratios when compared to females. Interestingly, it is constant since birth and not influenced by the adult hormone levels. Ratio of 2D:4D is found to correlate negatively to testosterone and positively to oestrogen in the foetus. ![]() Existing literature and recent research show accumulating evidence on 2D:4D ratio showing correlations with various phenotypic traits in humans. Digit ratios, especially 2D:4D ratio, a potential proxy marker for prenatal androgen exposure shows sexual dimorphism. ![]()
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